Natural selection by Marla

Hi, my name is marla and i go to Olathe North High School. Im in a student naturalist class and this is my project....
Natural selection is the process by which favorable traits that are heritable become more common in successive generations of a population of reproducing organisms. The unfavorable traits that are heritable become less common. It acts on the observable characteristics of an organism, such that individuals with favorable phenotype. They are more likely to survive and reproduce, unlike those with favorable.If these phenotypes have a genetic basis, then the genotype that has to do with the favorable phenotype will increase in frequency in the next generation. Over time, this process can result in adaptations that specialize organisms for particular ecological niches and may eventually result in the emergence of new species.The concept was originally developed in the absence of a valid theory of inheritance.



Theme: Good mutations/adaptations survive, bad ones die, or don't do well

...so in humans, bad mutations turn into:


1. skin cancer- (disease)


2. Clausterphobia- (disorder)

Clausterphobia is an anxiety disorder that involves fear of tight or enclosed spaces. People who suffer from this may encounter panic attackes (maybe in elevators, trains, boxes or aircraft). If a panic attack occurs while they are in a small space, then the claustrophobe fears not being able to escape the situation. Those who have this disorder may not be able to breathe in small areas. It can be treated in similar ways to other anxiety disorders, with a range of treatments.




3. Polydactyly- (physical deformities)

The condition of having supernumerary fingers or toes. This usually occurs in the foot. The primary cause of polydactaly is thought to be in the family genes. It is classified into three groups based on the location of the supernumerary digit--preaxial.
3 groups...
*praxial
*central
*postaxial
Preaxial polydactaly involves duplication of the first digit and ray while central polydactaly involves duplication of second, third, or fourth digits and ray.





Sources:
http://www.podiatrytoday.com/article/pod_200109d4
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claustrophobia
http://www.hashmi.com/skin_doseases.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_selection